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The '''Soft Systems Methodology''' (SSM) was born out of research conducted at Lancaster University where scientists attempted to apply Systems Engineering approaches to solve “management/business problems”. In other words, they tried to apply a [[Hard Systems approach]], but it failed simply because the <u>different stakeholders have divergent views on what constitutes the system, the purpose of the system and, therefore, the problem</u>. | |||
The key players in the development of the SSM are Peter Checkland [1999] and Brian Wilson [2001]. | |||
who through “action research” were able to put together a practical and pragmatic approach to the identification and solution of “soft” ill-defined problems. This methodology was more than just a process; | |||
Checkland and Wilson also developed a set of tools to help users carry out the steps: | |||
# [[Rich Picture]] | |||
# [[Conceptual Model]] | |||
# [[CATWOE]] | |||
# [[Formal Systems Model]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
* Checkland, P. B. (1989). Soft systems methodology. Human systems management, 8(4), 273-289. | |||
* Checkland, P., & Poulter, J. (2020). Soft systems methodology. Systems approaches to making change: A practical guide, 201-253. | * Checkland, P., & Poulter, J. (2020). Soft systems methodology. Systems approaches to making change: A practical guide, 201-253. | ||
* Wilson, B. (2001). Soft systems methodology. Conceptual model building and its contribution, 35. | |||
[[CATEGORY: Systems Methodologies]] | |||
[[CATEGORY: Systems concepts]] | |||
[[CATEGORY: Systems | |||